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The properties and uses of Diantimony trioxide are as follows:
Properties
Diantimony trioxide is a white crystalline powder. It turns yellow when heated and reverts back to white upon cooling.
The relative density ranges from 5.22 to 5.67, the melting point is 655°C, and the boiling point is 1550°C.
It is insoluble in water and ethanol, but soluble in concentrated hydrochloric acid, concentrated sulfuric acid, concentrated nitric acid, sodium hydroxide solution, and tartaric acid solution.
Uses
Flame Retardant: Diantimony trioxide is an important flame retardant, often used in combination with halogen compounds. When burning, it can react with halogens to form antimony halides. Antimony halides form a protective film in the flame, isolating oxygen. At the same time, it can also capture free radicals in the combustion reaction, thereby inhibiting the progress of combustion and improving the flame retardant performance of materials. It is widely used in fields such as plastics, rubber, textiles, and coatings.
Catalyst: It can serve as a catalyst in organic synthesis. For example, it plays a catalytic role in processes such as the dehydration of alcohols and esterification reactions, accelerating the reaction rate and improving the selectivity and conversion rate of the reaction.
Pigment and Filler: Due to its white appearance and good covering power, it can be used as a white pigment in fields such as coatings, paints, and inks, playing a role in increasing whiteness and covering power. At the same time, it can also be added as a filler to materials such as plastics and rubber to improve the physical properties of the materials, such as increasing hardness and wear resistance.
Glass and Ceramics Industry: In the glass production process, adding diantimony trioxide can serve as a fining agent, helping to remove bubbles in the glass and improving the transparency and quality of the glass. In the ceramics industry, it can be used to adjust the properties of ceramic glazes, improving the gloss and hardness of the glaze surface.
Electronics Industry: It is used in the manufacture of electronic components such as capacitors and resistors. It can be used as a raw material for electronic ceramics, improving the dielectric properties and stability of ceramics and enhancing the performance and reliability of electronic components.
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